Aesthetic Treatment Outcomes of Capillary Hemangioma, Venous Lake, and Venous Malformation of the Lip Using Different Surgical Procedures and Laser Wavelengths (Nd:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, CO2, and Diode 980 nm).

Samir Nammour,Alain Vanheusden,Marwan El Mobadder,Amaury Namour,Paolo Vescovi,Kinga Grzech-Leśniak,Melanie Namour,Josep Arnabat-Dominguez

doi:10.3390/ijerph17228665

Abstract

Different approaches with different clinical outcomes have been found in treating capillary hemangioma (CH), venous lake (VL), or venous malformations (VM) of the lips. This retrospective study aims to assess scar quality, recurrence rate, and patient satisfaction after different surgeries with different laser wavelengths. A total of 143 patients with CH or VM were included. Nd:YAG laser was used for 47 patients, diode 980 nm laser was used for 32 patients (treatments by transmucosal photo-thermo-coagulation), Er,Cr:YSSG laser was used for 12 patients (treatments by excision), and CO2 laser was used for 52 patients (treatments by photo-vaporization). The Manchester scar scale was used by practitioners to assess the scar quality. The recurrence rate and patients’ satisfaction were noted at different follow-ups during 12 months. Our retrospective study showed that laser-assisted aesthetic treatment of vascular lesions (CH, VL, and VM) of the lips can be considered effective regardless of the wavelength used (Er,Cr:YSGG, CO2, Nd:YAG, and diode 980 nm) or the treatment procedure (transmucosal photo-thermo-coagulation, photo-vaporization, and surgical excision). There was no significant difference in patient and practitioner satisfaction with aesthetic outcome at 6 months follow-up. Furthermore, the treatments of lip vascular lesions performed using Er,Cr:YSGG and CO2 lasers did not show any recurrence during the 12 months of follow-up, while recurrence rates of 11% ± 1.4% and 8% ± 0.9% were seen in the diode and Nd:YAG groups, respectively.

Highlights

Vascular lesions of the head and neck present a broad pathological spectrum, with a diversity of tumors and malformations including simple capillary irregularities and complex irregularities of the arteries, veins, and lymphatics [1]
The data collection was made for all capillary hemangiomas (CHs) of the lip, as well as all venous lake and venous malformations (VMs) of the lip, treated with one of the following laser wavelengths: neodymium-doped yttrium, aluminum, and garnet laser (Nd:YAG; 1064 nm), erbium/chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG laser; 2790 nm), carbon dioxide laser (CO2 ; 10,600 nm), and diode laser (980 nm)
After the vast development of lasers and after improvements in the understanding of laser–tissue interactions interactions and laser physics, the treatment of vascular vascular lesions lesions is is considered considered as as one one of of the the most most common common indications indications of oflaser laser[23,24,25,26,27]. This multicentric retrospective study showed that the treatment outcome of capillary hemangioma, multicentric retrospective study showed that the treatment outcome of capillary venous lake, and venous the lip withof different reported towas be hemangioma, venous lake,malformation and venous of malformation the lip wavelengths with differentwas wavelengths successful, patientsand andboth operators reported satisfactionreported concerning the aesthetic outcomethe at reported toand be both successful, patients and operators satisfaction concerning

Summary

Introduction

Vascular lesions of the head and neck present a broad pathological spectrum, with a diversity of tumors and malformations including simple capillary irregularities and complex irregularities of the arteries, veins, and lymphatics [1]. Public Health 2020, 17, 8665; doi:10.3390/ijerph17228665 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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