Aesthetic and Functional Results From Nailfold Recession Following Fingertip Amputations

Abstract

To analyze the aesthetic and functional results of a technique for nail salvage by recessing the nailfold to increase the exposed nail matrix after fingertip amputation. Thirty cases of fingertip amputation with distal partial nail bed defects underwent nailfold recession and pulp reconstruction. We increased nail bed exposure by recessing a rectangle flap of eponychium and reconstructed the pulp with different local flaps depending on the injury geometry. A 0.3- to 0.4-cm-wide rectangular strip of eponychium was de-epithelialized. The eponychial flap was separated from the nail matrix and slid proximally to expose more nail matrix, thereby effectively lengthening the exposed nail bed. The flaps survived in all patients. The exposed nail beds were lengthened 0.3 to 0.4 cm and enlarged 38% to 100%. The fingertips had smooth and natural nail plates with inconspicuous scars on both the eponychium and pulp and no deformities. The sensation and mobility of injured and uninjured contralateral fingers did not differ statistically. All patients were satisfied with the appearance and function of the reconstructed fingertips. Nailfold recession combined with different local flaps provided for the aesthetic and functional restoration of the fingertip after amputation with partial nail bed defect.