Abstract
To predict the deformation and aerodynamic performance of a passive morphing airfoil with a novel compliant structure, aeroelastic simulation methods were developed. The static aeroelastic problem was solved by loosely coupling a finite-element-method solver and a hierarchical Cartesian grid-based flow solver. The viscous effect was investigated by comparing the results of using the Euler and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations in the aerodynamic simulations. The accuracies of the structural and aerodynamic solvers were validated through structural and wind-tunnel experiments, respectively. The deformation predicted by the RANS-based aeroelastic simulation was in accordance with the experimental results, while the Euler-based aeroelastic simulation predicted a larger deformation. The lift slope of the morphing airfoil improved more than that of the rigid airfoil, showing consistency with the experimental results. The comparative study showed that the viscous flow condition leads to a smaller aerodynamic load and deformation of the morphing airfoil.
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