Abstract
This work introduces an aeroelastic optimization framework with a coupled three-dimensional panel method and Timoshenko beam finite element model. The method allows for optimization of both the exterior surface of the wing and interior structural properties. We investigate the effects of curved wall spars on the aeroelastic performance of converged designs, which have been shown to provide an improved performance due to the ability to create tradeoffs between bending and torsional stiffnesses. Studies also highlight the importance of calculating aerodynamic loads in the deformed configuration and solving the coupled aeroelastic problem to convergence.
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