Aerodynamics Behavior in High Speed Sports Jersey Fabrics with Different Roughness

Abstract

Enhancing aerodynamic performance holds paramount importance in high-speed sports, leading to a growing interest in garments that can positively impact aerodynamic efficiency. Wind tunnel experimentation has played a pivotal role in assessing aerodynamic properties, employing both cylinder and leg models within a closed return circuit tunnel setup. Utilizing a plastic cylinder model, researchers evaluated the aerodynamic properties of various knitted samples, with dummy cylinders introduced to minimize 3D flow effects and ensure adherence to the infinite length hypothesis. By employing the foot and knee as additional dummy components, efforts were made to further mitigate 3D flow effects. These wind tunnel tests encompassed nine knitted single jersey fabrics, predominantly composed of 100% polyester, subjected to speeds ranging from 20 to 80 km/h to simulate real-world sporting conditions. The findings revealed a significant correlation between fabric manufacturing, indicated by the cover factor, and fabric roughness, with discernible impacts on aerodynamic parameters. Notably, consistent aerodynamic behaviors were observed across fabric tests conducted on both the cylinder and leg models, underscoring the reliability of the experimental setup.