Abstract
The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal–axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air–velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.
Highlights
A wind turbine is a generic term for machines with rotating blades that convert the kinetic energy of wind into useful power
Computational Results and Discussions Figures (18) – (27) show the vorticity, velocity, and pressure coefficient contours for the profile of the wind turbine blade at different blade angles compared with velocity contours of [3]
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was carried out using ANSYS Fluent software
Summary
A wind turbine is a generic term for machines with rotating blades that convert the kinetic energy of wind into useful power. The basic idea has been around for a long time but modern wind turbines are a far from the original designs. Modern turbines evolved from the early designs and are typically classified as one or more blades. Most of the turbines used today have three blades. The rotational speed is a very important design factor. Turbines operating at a constant rotor speed have been fomenting up to now, but turbines with variable rotational speed are becoming increasingly more common with the desire to optimize the captured energy, lower stress, and obtain better power quality. There are many different wind turbine classes, but two stands out as the best known: the vertical– axis turbine (VAWT), and the horizontal–axis turbine (HAWT) [1]
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