Abstract
Hypersonic aircraft represent an important area of aerospace development. Raising the aircraft lift-to-drag ratio, improving the efficiency of attitude control, and optimizing aerodynamic performance are important goals. Active flow control technology can improve the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft while optimizing its control attitude. In the field of low speed, subsonic speed, and supersonic speed, many experiments and numerical simulations have been carried out to verify the excellent auxiliary or control effects of active flow control technology on aircraft. In this paper, a two-dimensional hypersonic airfoil is selected to analyze the feasibility and control effect of jet flow control technology under hypersonic inflow, and a flow control scheme is designed to make the jet eject from the wing surface. First, the influence of different jet excitation parameters on the scheme is explored through numerical simulation, mainly including the Mach number, the jet location, the jet angle, and the change with the angle of attack. After that, typical excitation states of numerical simulation are selected for hypersonic wind tunnel experiment verification, whose results are in good agreement with those of the numerical simulation. The results prove that, under the condition of high altitude and low pressure, if jet excitation is applied on the surface of the hypersonic airfoil, a local high pressure area will be formed in front of the excitation port, and the differential pressure between upper and lower wings will be changed. It can optimize the aerodynamic characteristics, increase or reduce lift, produce pitching moment simultaneously, enhance the efficiency of the rudder surface, and assist attitude control.
Highlights
To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of jet flow control technology in hypersonic aerodynamic characteristics’ optimization and attitude control of hypersonic vehicles, an excitation scheme for the airfoil jet is designed in this paper
In the case of M = 5 and α = 0○–8○, the control effect under various excitation parameters is studied based on numerical simulation
The typical excitation states are verified by the hypersonic wind tunnel experiment
Summary
Because of their advantages of fast flight speeds, large operational radii, good concealment, and strong anti-attack capabilities, applications of hypersonic vehicles have enormous military, political, and economic value. They represent an extremely important development direction in the field of aerospace.. Existing research and flight test results show that the aerodynamic problems associated with hypersonic vehicles are focused around transition and laminar flow separation. It is easy for these phenomena to produce complex longitudinal and lateral aerodynamic disturbances. These flight mechanics problems manifest as lack of aircraft stability. The other reason is that these aircraft tend to have insufficient aerodynamic rudder control capabilities
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