Abstract
BackgroundAerobic physical activity (PA) and resistance training are paramount in the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have examined the determinants of both types of exercise in the same sample.ObjectiveThe primary purpose was to investigate the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in explaining aerobic PA and resistance training in a population sample of T2D adults.MethodsA total of 244 individuals were recruited through a random national sample which was created by generating a random list of household phone numbers. The list was proportionate to the actual number of household telephone numbers for each Canadian province (with the exception of Quebec). These individuals completed self-report TPB constructs of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and intention, and a 3-month follow-up that assessed aerobic PA and resistance training.ResultsTPB explained 10% and 8% of the variance respectively for aerobic PA and resistance training; and accounted for 39% and 45% of the variance respectively for aerobic PA and resistance training intentions.ConclusionThese results may guide the development of appropriate PA interventions for aerobic PA and resistance training based on the TPB.
Highlights
Aerobic physical activity (PA) and resistance training are paramount in the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have examined the determinants of both types of exercise in the same sample
For those living with T2D, aerobic PA enhances insulin sensitivity [11,12,13,14], improves blood glucose control [15,16], and produces favourable changes in body composition [17]
Calls were made to 35,452 generated numbers, which identified 1,796 eligible study participants (eligibility criteria included a diagnosis of T2D, being over the Excluded (n=33,656) No answer after 10+ calls (n=2374) Busy after 10+ calls (n=273) Answering machine (n=2737) Line trouble (n=511) Not in service (n=7331) Business/fax/2nd line (n=4591) No one 18+ in household (n=21) Call refusal before determining T2D (n=2844) No T2D (n=12,974)
Summary
Aerobic physical activity (PA) and resistance training are paramount in the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have examined the determinants of both types of exercise in the same sample. Aerobic PA greatly decreases the risk of developing T2D [8] and reduces the risk of progressing from impaired glucose tolerance to T2D [9,10]. For those living with T2D, aerobic PA enhances insulin sensitivity [11,12,13,14], improves blood glucose control [15,16], and produces favourable changes in body composition [17]. Despite the widespread promotion of aerobic activity less than 30% of the diabetic population participate in aerobic PA enough to meet the recommended guidelines of 150 minutes/week of moderate PA [1], which is less than the general population [19]
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