Aerobic Fitness and Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmia Following Physical Exertion

Abstract

BackgroundBrief episodes of physical exertion are associated with an immediately greater risk of cardiovascular events. Previous studies on the risk of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) shortly after exertion have not assessed if this risk differs according to the level of aerobic fitness or sedentary behaviour. Therefore, we conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) with a nested case-crossover analysis to examine the risk of VA shortly after exertion and whether this risk is modified by aerobic fitness and sedentary behaviour. MethodsNinety-seven consecutive patients were recruited at the time of ICD implantation and 30 confirmed events occurred among patients who completed interviews about physical exertion preceding ICD therapy. We compared the frequency of exertion within an hour of ICD discharge to each patient's usual frequency of exertion reported at the time of ICD implantation. ResultsWithin an hour of episodes of exertion, the risk of VA was 5.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-10.6) times greater compared with periods of rest. The association was higher among patients with aerobic fitness below the median (relative risk [RR] = 17.5; 95% CI, 5.2-58.5) than for patients with aerobic fitness above the median (RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.4-4.2; P homogeneity = 0.002) and higher among patients who were sedentary (RR, 52.8; 95% CI, 10.1-277) compared with individuals who were not sedentary (RR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3-7.6; P homogeneity = 0.0002). ConclusionsWithin 1 hour of episodes of exertion, there is an increased risk of VA, especially among individuals with lower levels of aerobic fitness and with sedentary behaviour.