Abstract
Chronic suppurative otitis media is an infection of the middle ear and mastoid cavity. It is one of the most common causes of deafness. Low social-economic status, overcrowding, malnutrition and poor hygiene are the common risk factors and it commonly affects infants and children. The common pathogens responsible are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus species, Candida species etc. Several studies similar to this have been done previously from various regions of our country and also from several parts of the world. There are no studies done recently from this region to determine the bacteriological profile of aerobic bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility in this region. The study was done for six months and the sample size was 80. Ear swab culture was done on blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar. The culture plates were processed and identification of the isolates and antibiotic susceptibility were done as per standard methods. Samples with bacterial growth were 66 (82.5%), fungal growth were 10 (12.5%) and 4 (5%) samples had no growth. There were 82 isolates of bacteria and fungi from 80 patients. The predominant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 31 (37.80%) isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureus 25 (30.49%). All 31(100%) P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to colistin and polymixin B, while 30 (96.8%) isolates showed sensitivity to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoperazone-sulbactam and aztreonam. Only 21 (67.7%) isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, 23 (74.2%) isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, whereas 24 (77.4%) isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin. All 25 (100%) S. aureus isolates showed sensitivity to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid whereas 23 (92%) isolates showed sensitivity to amikacin, doxycycline and clindamycin. Only one isolate (4%) was sensitive to ampicillin whereas 8 (32%) were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in vitro. P. aeruginosa and S. aureus are the most common aerobic bacterial pathogens in chronic suppurative otitis media. P. aeruginosa showed 100% sensitivity to Colistin and Polymixin B followed by Piperacillin-tazobactam (96.8%), Cefoperazone-sulbactam (96.8%) and Aztreonam (96.8%). S. aureus showed 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and Linezolid followed by Amikacin, Doxycycline and Clindamycin (92% each). Culture and sensitivity should be done in chronic suppurative otitis media before initiating antibiotic therapy.
Published Version
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