Aerobic Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates from Pyogenic Infections done in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Pyogenic infections are characterised by acute and chronic inflammation with exudate formation. It is a serious threat leading to sepsis with gram positive organism being the major cause. The source of infection could be either endogenous or exogenous. There is a recent change in the spectrum with gram negatives being the most common cause than the gram positives. Aim: To analyse the aerobic organisms involved in causing the various pyogenic infections with their current susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 750 culture positive pus and wound swabs received in the Department of Microbiology from various departments of the hospital between June 2018-June 2019 was done and data was recorded. Results: Out of 942 total samples analysed, 750 were culture positive with gram negative being 508 and gram positive being 242. The predominant organism of pyogenic infection was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among gram positive, the most common organism was Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Pyogenic infections were predominant in males and monomicrobial was common over polymicrobial infections. Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL) was seen highest in Escherichia coli at the rate of 47.8% and Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) was high among Klebsiella species and non-fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli (GNB) other than Pseudomonas spp and Acinetobacter spp. Conclusion: There is a changing trend with gram negative organisms being the commonest cause of pyogenic infections as evidenced across India. Spurious use of drugs would help in reducing the spread of drug resistant isolates. Antibiotic policy formulation would help in empiric therapy with reduction in infection rates.