Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the potential for 1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB) biodegradation by an acclimated microbial consortium under simulated dynamic groundwater conditions. The enriched EDB-degrading consortium consisted of anaerobic bacteria Desulfovibrio, facultative anaerobe Chromobacterium, and other potential EDB degraders. The results showed that the biodegradation efficiency of EDB was more than 61% at 15 °C, and the EDB biodegradation can be best described by the apparent pseudo-first-order kinetics. EDB biodegradation occurred at a relatively broad range of initial dissolved oxygen (DO) from 1.2 to 5.1 mg/L, indicating that the microbial consortium had a strong ability to adapt. The addition of 40 mg/L of rhamnolipid and 0.3 mM of sodium lactate increased the biodegradation. A two-phase biodegradation scheme was proposed for the EDB biodegradation in this study: an aerobic biodegradation to carbon dioxide and an anaerobic biodegradation via a two-electron transfer pathway of dihaloelimination. To our knowledge, this is the first study that reported EDB biodegradation by an acclimated consortium under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, a dynamic DO condition often encountered during enhanced biodegradation of EDB in the field.
Highlights
One of the most commonly detected contaminants in groundwater is 1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB), because of its extensive addition to leaded gasoline and soil fumigants several decades ago [1]
Composition of the Consortium consortium, including Neisseriaceae, Veillonellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Eubacteriaceae, Rhodocyclaceae, A total of 11 frequently detected bacterial phyla were identified in the acclimated microbial
An effective EDB-debromiding consortium consisting of anaerobic bacteria (e.g., Desulfovibrio and Eubacterium) and facultative anaerobes (e.g., Chromobacterium) was enriched
Summary
One of the most commonly detected contaminants in groundwater is 1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB), because of its extensive addition to leaded gasoline and soil fumigants several decades ago [1]. EDB can still persist in groundwater at high levels at some contaminated sites, even though its usage was banned in gasoline and agriculture in the 1980s in Canada, Sweden, and the USA [1], and later followed by countries such as Japan, Israel, and Australia [4], as well as China, Belize, Colombia, Cyprus, Ecuador, Kenya, and Argentina [5,6]. A survey conducted in South Carolina revealed that 10% of underground-storage-tank sites had EDB concentrations greater than 200 μg/L.
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