Abstract
Abstract Aelia Capitolina was a Roman colony founded in the wake of the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135/6 CE ) by the emperor Hadrian at the site of the ancient city of Jerusalem. The city's name referred to Hadrian's Gens , the Aelii, a common component in names of Roman cities, and to Iuppiter Capitolinus , to whom the Jews had to pay a special tax ( fiscus Iudaicus ) since the first Jewish Revolt. During the reign of Septimius Severus the city received the additional name Commodiana .
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