Adverse obstetric outcomes in early and late adolescent pregnancy

Abstract

Adolescent pregnant women should be considered as a high risk patient group. The aim of our study is to compare pregnancies in adolescent with adult age group pregnancies and to evaluate maternal and fetal obstetric outcomes. Patients were admitted to Gynecology Department of Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019. Pregnant women were divided into 3 groups as Group 1 (aged ≤16 years: n: 280), Group 2 (aged 17-19 years; n: 956) and Group 3 (aged 25-35 years; n: 656). Demographic characteristics of the patients and maternal and obstetric outcomes were recorded.In adolescent age groups,numbers of gravida, parity and abortus, and gestational age, fetal weight, and rates of cesarean delivery were found to be significantly lower relative to age group of 25-35 years Adolescents aged ≤16 years had a significantly lower risk than adults as for preeclampsia (AOR: 9,23 (6,36-11,82) p=0,001),had a significantly higher risk than adults as for low birth weight (AOR: 4,75 (2,26-9,21) p=0,001). and prematurity (AOR: 7,54 (5,12-9,43) p=0,001). Adolescents aged 17-19 years had a significantly higher risk than adults regarding small for gestational age (AOR: 4,48 (1,89-10,67) p=0,001), oligohidramnios (AOR: 2,29 (1,16-4,54) p=0,017), prematurity (AOR: 4,97 (3,1-7,97) p=0,0001) and LBW (AOR: 2,14 (2,71-9,74) p=0,0001).Our study was conducted with a large pregnant group, Since pregnant women in adolescent group are closely associated with preterm birth, delivery of small for gestational age and low birth weight infants, it is important to improve health services to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.