Abstract
Humans have intricate regulatory mechanisms to sustain hydration, however, body water deficits can occur. Acute body water deficits are common due to high rates of fluid losses and insufficient intake. Chronic water deficits are rare and often associated with pathologies and/or medications. This lecture examines the adverse functional outcomes possibly associated with body water deficits. Functional outcomes are measurable changes in physiological strain, health/wellness and performance. Hydration physiology and evidence regarding five possible adverse functional outcomes will be reviewed: 1) cardiovascular strain, 2) thermoregulation, 3) aerobic performance, 4) mood/ cognition, and 5) diseases.
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