Adverse events related to the use of peripheral intravenous catheters in children according to dressing regimens

Ariane Ferreira Machado,Mavilde Da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira,Massae Noda Chaud

doi:10.1590/s0104-11692008000300005

Ariane Ferreira Machado, Mavilde Da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692008000300005

Copy DOI

Abstract

A randomized, controlled study was implemented to verify reasons to release and adverse events related to the use of peripheral intravenous catheters in children, according to the dressing regimens The sample was set at 150 peripheral intravenous catheters, randomly assigned to three groups: sterile gauze dressings, sterilized transparent film dressings, and non sterile hypoallergenic adhesive tape. The data was collected after consent had been obtained by the Ethics Committee, including children who had been submitted to catheterization with Teflon(R) over the needle catheters. Statistical tests were performed by applying the Pearson Chi-square test, significance level set at p < 0.05. The results showed that dressing regimens influenced the reasons for catheter removal and occurrence of adverse events, mainly due to infiltration (55.3%). The Sterile gauze showed the best performance (p=0.002) in comparison with the other studied groups, once 40.0% of the catheters were removed by release from treatment.

Highlights

Intravenous therapy one of the most commonly performed procedures in hospitalized patients, may make them susceptible to infectious and non-infectious adverse events[1]
The present investigation was focused on verifying whether different types of dressings - adhesive tape, sterile gauze, and sterilized transparent film - used in a country with a warm and humid tropical climate and different individual cutaneous flora, would influence the reasons for removal and the occurrence adverse events related to the use of peripheral intravenous catheters inserted in children
The hypothesis (H) presented by the study was that the “reason for peripheral venous catheter removal and occurrence of adverse events would be different in children submitted to intravenous therapy, according to three dressing regimens”

Summary

Introduction

Intravenous therapy one of the most commonly performed procedures in hospitalized patients, may make them susceptible to infectious and non-infectious adverse events[1]. 1% to 10% of such patients develop local or systemic catheter-related infections caused by alteration or disruption of skin integrity which can be an open pathway for colonization by microorganisms[2,3]. Complications such as phlebitis, infiltration and tissue extravasation are described as peripheral venous catheter-related adverse events[4,5]. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, adult patient’s catheters should be replaced within a 72-96 hours period in order to reduce complications such as infections or phlebitis[6] Complications may be ascribed to a number of factors such as the selected type of catheter, insertion site preparation, type of infusion, insertion technique, length of catheter placement, type of dressing and the chosen insertion site[4,6,7].

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion