Adverse events among patients of multi drug resistant tuberculosis receiving second line anti TB treatment

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>As per WHO’s “Global Tuberculosis Report, 2012”, India accounts for an estimated 64000 patients out of 310000 cases of drug resistant TB estimated to have occurred amongst the notified cases of TB across the globe in a year. <strong> </strong><span lang="EN-US">MDR-TB is a man-made phenomenon– poor treatment; poor drugs, poor adherence lead to the development of MDR-TB. </span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US">Treatment of MDR-TB is difficult, much costlier, challenging and needs experience and skills. Reserve drugs are frequently associated with high rates of unacceptable adverse drug reactions, needing change of regimen. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor and treat adverse drug reactions. <strong></strong></span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>The present prospective observational study was carried out at Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Centre at Govt. Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, to monitor patients for early detection of adverse events after starting treatment till the patients were admitted and later followed up personally or telephonically at regular intervals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> We observed adverse drug reactions among </span>90/265 (33.96 %) patients of whom 90/265 (33.96 %) had gastro intestinal ADRs, followed by ototoxicity 15/265 (5.66%), psychiatric manifestations 14/265 (5.28%), injection site pain swelling 13/265 (4.90%), arthralgia 11/265 (4.15%), dermatological ADRs 7/265 (2.64%), peripheral neuropathy 5/265 (1.88%), renal dysfunction 3/265 (1.13%), <span lang="EN-US">change of therapy was only required in 13 psychiatric and 12 ototoxic ADRs.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> ADRs are more common in MDR TB patients on second line anti tubercular treatment. Good counseling, spacing drugs, high protein diet helps patients to tolerate therapy better and default rate to drop.</span></p>