Abstract
We evaluated gestational outcome in a murine model of congenital EV infection. Pregnant mice were inoculated intravenously with Theiler's virus(TMEV), a murine EV, or with BHK 21 cell lysate (controls) at 6-7 days (early) gestation and sacrificed (sacr) 6 or 12 days later. Fetuses and placentas were studied by gross and histologic inspection, viral culture, and in-situ hybridization (ISH) with a digoxigenin-labeled TMEV probe. Results were as follows: Table In this model, maternal infection in early gestation with TMEV increased the rates of complete pregnancy loss, gross fetal and placental abnormalities, and histologic abnormalities of the placenta. In previous experiments, mice inoculated at 12-15 days (late) gestation demonstrated an intermediate level of gross fetal (33%) and placental (33%) abnormalities. With either early or late gestation inoculation, fetal abnormalities occurred at a rate greater than that of fetal infection, suggesting placental insufficiency as a significant pathophysiologic mechanism. Placental culture positivity declined with longer time to sacrifice whereas ISH signal remained suggesting possible viral persistence in the placenta. These results suggest that EV infection may adversely affect the outcome of pregnancy, either by direct fetal damage or indirectly by placental compromise.
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