Adverse Effect of Preoperative Steroid Use on Surgical Outcomes

Anusha Garapati

doi:10.4236/ss.2020.1112047

Abstract

Preoperative corticosteroid use was linked to an increment in postoperative infectious complications. To determine whether corticosteroid use increases complication risks after surgical procedures, a group of patients who underwent neurosurgical procedures from 2005 to 2010 at a surgical center and took part in the National Surgical Quality improvement program was investigated. The corticosteroid use was specified as at least two weeks of parental or oral therapeutics for about amount before surgery is done. Corticosteroids played a critical role in surgical procedures since they are very important immunosuppressant drugs; they are usually used in patients to reduce inflammation, pain, and edema. In neurosurgery, corticosteroids are known to improve functional outcomes, minimize inflammation and preoperative swellings; therefore, corticosteroids are vital in the neurosurgical setting, although their risks are not clearly known. The correlation between complications and corticosteroid use before surgery was evaluated. Patients were monitored postoperatively for a duration of 30 days to point out and record any death or complications. The research is related to the NSQIP data and is exempt from any other assessment. Propensity score analysis was applied to investigate the link between preoperative corticosteroid use and postoperative complications. The findings and results were deduced using that method.

Highlights

Around 48 million surgeries are carried out annually in the US; postoperative complications such as pneumonia and surgical site infections occur
Among 26,634 patients who have undergone neurosurgical procedures, 1228 have used preoperative corticosteroids [10]. These depictions (4.61%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.36 - 4.86) of the population was on preoperative steroids, and 1469 (5.52%; 95% CI, 5.24 - 5.79) were followed by postoperative complications [11]
635,265 patients were used; 3.2% of the total population used steroids before surgery, superficial surgical site infections raised from 2.9% to 5% when corticosteroid was used

Summary

Introduction

Around 48 million surgeries are carried out annually in the US; postoperative complications such as pneumonia and surgical site infections occur. Some of the risk factors for diseases include diabetes mellitus and old age. Steroids are essential immunosuppressant that is usually used in surgical patients to reduce inflammation, pain, and edema [2]. Corticosteroids have decreased inflammation and preoperative swellings. The infection risk after preoperative corticosteroids is not well defined. Corticosteroids have been researched in the regular surgical population regarding their adverse effects on postoperative complications [3]

Methods

Results

Conclusion