Abstract
The ability to regenerate plants from tissue cultures of Arachis has been limited to a few species and, in most cases, to short‐term cultures. Tissue cultures of peanut (A. hypogaea L.) usually are derived from seedling explants and regenerate by organogenesis. This study evaluated the potential to induce somatic embryogenesis in peanut (‘NC‐7’, ‘Comet’, and ‘McRan’) and A. paraguariensis Chod. & Hassel., in comparison to a similar regeneration system in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Forrest’] and G. canescens F.J. Herm. Intact, immature zygotic embryos were cultured on L2 media with various hormonal treatments. Adventitious somatic embryogenesis was induced from 53% of the cultured immature zygotic embryos of McRan, Comet, NC‐7, and A. paraguariensis, compared to 29% for Forrest and G. canescens, scored after 30 d incubation. By the end of the test period (150 d of culture), Arachis formed an average of 29 somatic embryos per explant compared to 16 for Glycine. An average of 77% of the peanut somatic embryos formed shoots and 61% formed roots compared to 30% shoots and 33% roots for soybean. This regeneration system offers an additional and more efficient tool for peanut biotechnology research programs.
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