Abstract
This study established, for the first time, shoot proliferation and plant regeneration protocols via shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of a medical and ornamental plant, Portulaca pilosa L. The optimal proliferation of axillary shoots was 6.2-fold within 30 days on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA). Shoots could be induced directly from leaf explants, forming an average of 3.8 adventitious shoots per explant, on optimal MS medium supplemented with 1.0 µM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.1 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). A higher concentration of TDZ (3.0 µM), alone or in combination with 0.1 µM NAA, induced somatic embryo-like shoot buds and then developed into real shoots. Rooting was easier since roots were induced on all rooting media within one month. Half-strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators was best for rooting. Rooted plantlets were transferred to a sand: perlite (1:1, v/v) substrate, resulting in highest survival (90%). Plantlets showed more robust growth, however, on substrates of yellow mud: perlite (1:1, v/v) or peat soil: vermiculite: perlite (1:1:1, v/v).
Highlights
This study established, for the first time, shoot proliferation and plant regeneration protocols via shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of a medical and ornamental plant, Portulaca pilosa L
On medium supplemented with 1–5 μM kinetin (KIN), one shoot proliferated 5.1-5.3-fold into axillary shoots (Table 1), forming roots within 30 days, and no callus was visible (Fig. 1b)
On medium supplemented with 1–3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), almost of all the single shoots did not develop new axillary shoots, and yellow compact callus was induced at the base of some shoots (Fig. 1c)
Summary
This study established, for the first time, shoot proliferation and plant regeneration protocols via shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of a medical and ornamental plant, Portulaca pilosa L. P. pilosa contains a variety of chemical components, including polyphenols, flavonoids, sugars, organic acids, steroids, tannins, steroids, and others, but the highest content is of flavonoids and polyphenols explaining its high antioxidant activity and high toxicity to tumor cells[7,8]. It is commonly used as a traditional remedy to treat antipyresis and analgesia and serves as a hepato-protective, anti-diarrheal, and diuretic for healing burns, erysipelas, and injuries[9]. This study lays a foundation for the development and utilization of P. pilosa genetic resources for future research and preservation
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