Abstract
ABSTRACT The competence of adult plants of mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) to undergo adventitious rooting is essential to their vegetative rescue by cuttings. This study aimed to evaluate the adventitious rooting competence of adult mate plants, and then rescue these plants by making cuttings from epicormic shoots induced in different trunk positions. The percent survival and rooting of cuttings from epicormic shoots induced by girdling in seven adult plants were evaluated. The two stock plants whose cuttings had the highest rooting competence were further pruned and girdled to evaluate the effect of the position of epicormic shoots on their adventitious rooting competence. The potential success of rescuing of the same adult plants was also studied with cuttings of epicormic shoots induced by coppicing. The shoots were sectioned in single-bud cuttings, either treated with 3,000 mg L-1 indolebutyric acid or untreated, and then cultivated in a humid chamber for 60 days, and then the percent survival and rooting of cuttings was evaluated. In conclusion, we found that it is possible to rescue adult mate plants by cuttings from epicormic shoots induced by pruning, girdling, or coppicing. The adventitious rooting competence of cuttings differs among adult mate plants, and depends on the position of the epicormic shoots on the trunk from which epicormic shoots are collected.
Highlights
Increasing interest in the products of mate plants
This study aimed to evaluate the adventitious rooting competence of adult mate plants, and rescue these plants by making cuttings from epicormic shoots induced in different trunk positions
Adult mate plants evaluated for the adventitious rooting competence of shoots induced by girdling showed significant differences in the percent survival and rooting of their cuttings (Table 1)
Summary
Increasing interest in the products of mate plants (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) and their many possible uses suggest that there will be an increase in demand for higher quality raw materials of this plant by various industries. Raw materials are harvested from both native and planted forests, which are established with seminal seedlings. Because mate is a dioecious species, forests established from seminal seedlings have high genetic variability, which negatively affects the quality of raw mate products and hinders the establishment of any industrial standards. The use of plantlets obtained by the vegetative propagation of selected genotypes would be advantageous for the industry, and these should be used to establish new forest stands of mate, because they would result in more uniform, productive, and high-quality harvests (Silva et al, 2007). Vegetative propagation has the potential to aid in the conservation of superior genotypes and would allow for the production of plantlets of high genetic and phytosanitary quality throughout the year (Xavier et al, 2013)
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