Adventitious root formation ‘in vitro’ in apple rootstocks (Malus pumila) II. Uptake and distribution of indol‐3yl‐acetic acid during the auxin‐sensitive phase in M.9 and M.26

Abstract

During the auxin‐sensitive phase of root initiation, rates of 3‐indolyl‐ [2‐14C] acetic acid (IAA) uptake into the 1 cm bases of shoots of the apple rootstock M.9 (Malus pumila Mill.) ‘in vitro’ were not significantly affected by the presence of 10−3M phloroglucinol (PG) using either liquid or agar‐solidified media. The use of a liquid medium did however reduce rates of uptake over a 10‐day period of auxin application. The distribution of labelled IAA between the 1‐cm base and the shoot remainder was not affected by PG.Exposure of shoots of the difficult‐to‐root M.9 and the easy‐to‐root M.26, to 2.8 × 10−5M IAA containing [2‐14C] IAA revealed no positive correlation between the amount of label taken up by the 1‐cm base and rooting performance. M.9 bases absorbed almost twice as much label as M.26 after 9 days but had produced only one‐third as many roots. Measurements of label distribution between the 1‐cm base and the shoot remainder showed that less than 10% of the label moved to the shoot remainder over a 6‐day period of auxin application. Dose‐response curves of IAA and rooting over the range 1 × 10−5M and 3 × 10−3M showed that root number in M.9 was at an optimum at 1 × 10−3M IAA after 6 days whilst M.26 required only 1 × 10−4M for a similar response. These data support the hypothesis that differences in rooting of the two rootstocks reflect differences in the endogenous metabolism of exogenous IAA and not differences in its rates of uptake or distribution in the shoots.