Abstract
Background. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common cardiac genetic disorders. The prevalence of this disease is 1 in 500 live births. It is stated to be the most frequent cause of sudden death in young adults. Therefore, some guidelines recommend to restrict physical activity and exercise. On the contrary, latest data show that active lifestyle and exercise in HCM patient provide significant benefits in cardiovascular function with no significant adverse reactions. Following to that, some experts might be reveal that its benefits might be outweigh risks.
 Summary. There is a paucity of studies that examine the effectiveness of exercise for HCM. American Heart Association (AHA) and (European Society of Cardiology) ESC established exercise recommendations for HCM individuals based on discussion and consensus of experts. We found three studies that investigate the efficacy of exercise in HCM individuals. Outcomes of our interest were differences in cardiovascular function, quality of life and safety issues. All studies found positive significant differences in main outcomes measure in which the HCM subjects on exercise had better or improved outcomes. None reported adverse reaction such as fatal arrhythmia or sudden death related to exercise.
 Brief Conclusion. Old belief regarding exercise restrictions on HCM need to be reconsidered, given that at present exercise have been shown to provide significant benefits for reducing cardiovascular risk factors. Nevertheless, exercise in patients with HCM must be specifically considered regarding the risk and benefit. Practicing active lifestyle and exercise on HCM individual is an exciting possibility that need further study.
 Keywords: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, exercise training, risks and benefit, physical activity
Highlights
Physical activity restriction induces hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patient to be inactive and sedentary.[1,2] Problems such as obesity, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus arise as an implication of undergoing sedentary lifestyle that increases the risk of cardiac events.[2]
In line with Dejgaard, in an animal study conducted by Kim et al, mice induced with troponin I mutations without HCM phenotype, showed that exercise could reduce heart rate and increase contraction function.[15]
The intensity can be set at 60% heart rate reserve (HRR), and incrementally increase training intensity to a goal of 70% HRR
Summary
Physical activity restriction induces hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patient to be inactive and sedentary.[1,2] Problems such as obesity, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus arise as an implication of undergoing sedentary lifestyle that increases the risk of cardiac events.[2]. HCM individuals who has an active lifestyle have better cardiovascular function compared to inactive.[23] In line with Dejgaard, in an animal study conducted by Kim et al, mice induced with troponin I mutations without HCM phenotype, showed that exercise could reduce heart rate and increase contraction function.[15] In human studies, some researcher suggested that exercise was found to improve cardiac pathological structures in HCM patient by reducing myocytes disarray, decreasing clinical markers of ventricular hypertrophy and signal apoptosis.[3,6,15] In addition, it was found that exercise did not cause worsening of pathological structures or induce sudden death in experimental mice.[6,15] These findings support latest studies conducted by Saberi et al which stated that exercise with low to moderate intensity can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.[24].
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