Advantageous enzyme selective extraction process of essential spirulina oil

Abstract

Abstract Spirulina is an important source of metabolites and nutrients. It grows rapidly with low land requirements, and it is an ideal feedstock for implementation of a biofactory of bioactive products. A Part of intracelular biocomponents are not extracted with conventional methods, but they can be using green and selective enzyme-assisted extractions. Different selective degradations of cyanobacterial murein layer with peptidoglycans and lipopolysaccharide polymers were studied for extraction of spirulina oil. The effects of most important parameters of biomass degradation with two proteases and two glucanases were studied in the range of pH (5–9), temperature (30–50 °C), enzyme loading (0.5%–2% v/w) and time (0–24 h). Each procedure yields different products and oil recovery yields. Vinoflow® gave the highest oil extraction effectiveness (8.1% w/w), resulting 74% higher and being 1.8 times richer in unsaturated fatty acids (64.92 mol %) than with the simple solvent extraction; the more abundant acids in this oil extract were: palmitic (32.7%), palmitoleic (19.6%), linolenic (18.8%) and linoleic (18.9%). However, Alcalase® gives rise to the most important destruction of cell integrity by transmission electronic microscopy and the highest extraction yield of hydrophilic biocomponents recovery (36.50% w/w).