Abstract
AbstractOne of the basic goals of second language (L2) speech research is to understand the perception-production link, or the relationship between L2 speech perception and L2 speech production. Although many studies have examined the link, they have done so with strikingly different conceptual foci and methods. Even studies that appear to use similar perception and production tasks often present nontrivial differences in task characteristics and implementation. This conceptual and methodological variation makes meaningful synthesis of perception-production findings difficult, and it also complicates the process of developing new perception-production models that specifically address how the link changes throughout L2 learning. In this study, we scrutinize theoretical and methodological issues in perception-production research and offer recommendations for advancing theory and practice in this domain. We focus on L2 sound learning because most work in the area has focused on segmental contrasts.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONCognitive scientists have long been interested in the relationship between perception and action, or perception-action links
Cognitive scientists have long been interested in the relationship between perception and action, or perception-action links. One such link that has been a topic of considerable focus in speech research, especially second language (L2) speech research, is the
Perceptual Assimilation Model (PAM) and PAM-L2 are built on a direct realist approach to speech perception (e.g., Fowler, 1986), which assumes that listeners directly perceive articulatory gestures
Summary
Cognitive scientists have long been interested in the relationship between perception and action, or perception-action links. These models have been widely applied as general perceptionproduction frameworks, even though they were not designed to explain how perceptionproduction links develop and evolve throughout the L2 learning process. The overgeneralization of these models is problematic for several reasons. Improving the quality of perception-production research and expanding its scope can suggest new ways to optimize speech training (see, e.g., Sakai & Moorman, 2018) With this in mind, in this state of the scholarship paper, we briefly review existing models of L2 sound learning before turning to theoretical and methodological issues in examining the perception-production link. We focus on segmental perception-production research because most of the work that has informed current models is segmental in nature.
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