Advancing mechanical durability and radiation shielding properties in Silicon dioxide (SiO2) glasses through various incorporations: A comparative analysis

Abstract

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) glasses, known for their high thermal stability, excellent optical transparency, and substantial mechanical strength, are crucial in numerous technological applications, including radiation shielding. This research explores the impact of compositional variations in SiO2-based glasses on their mechanical and radiation shielding properties, particularly focusing on the inclusion of heavy metal oxides (HMO) and rare earth elements (REE) like neodymium (Nd). Through the systematic investigation of fifteen distinct glass samples with varying concentrations of specific oxides and elements, we investigate the compositional changes and their influence on physical properties and their effectiveness in attenuating radiation. Our findings demonstrate that the incorporation of Nd significantly enhances the glass's radiation shielding capabilities. Glasses doped with Nd exhibited higher effective atomic numbers and electron densities, which translate to superior attenuation characteristics at lower photon energies. This is highlighted by the exceptional performance of the 20Nd sample, showing the lowest exposure build-up factors (EBF) at 10 mean free paths (mfp), indicating its potential as a premier candidate for shielding applications against various energy levels of radiation. Moreover, the variation in the Elastic Modulus of the glass samples underscores the significant impact of the glass matrix composition on its mechanical properties, suggesting a delicate balance between network formers and modifiers in determining the glass properties. It can be concluded that the neodymium-doped SiO2-based glasses may be considered as targeted compositions in fine-tuning material properties to meet specific application requirements. As the demand for efficient radiation shielding materials grows across medical, industrial, and space exploration sectors, our findings provide a solid foundation for the development of new glass formulations tailored for enhanced mechanical properties and superior radiation protection levels.