Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), first identified in blood cancers, are increasingly recognized as significant biomarkers and targets in tumor therapy due to their metastatic potential and role in cancer recurrence. Recent research has demonstrated the dedication of scientists in targeting CSCs to explore novel therapeutic strategies. Many types of cancer exhibit metastasis, heterogeneity, and resistance to treatment, all of which are influenced by CSCs. These cells utilize various transcription factors and signaling pathways to carry out these functions. By identifying and understanding these pathways, new therapeutic breakthroughs can be achieved. Thus, targeting cancer stem cells holds great potential and importance in cancer treatment. Moreover, CSCs offer promising avenues for treating otherwise incurable diseases. However, targeting CSCs presents challenges such as immunological rejection and disease recurrence. Advancing research into CSCs may reveal new insights in the fight against cancer and ultimately improve human health. This review explores the roles of CSCs in cancer development and treatment, aiming to uncover new therapeutic approaches.
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