Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by poor outcome and the most challenging breast cancer type to treat worldwide. TNBC manifests distinct profile of mitochondrial functions, which dictates reprogrammed metabolism, fosters tumor progression, and notably serves as therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) are a group of microRNAs that critically modulate mitochondrial homeostasis. By a pathway-centric manner, mitomiRs tightly orchestrate metabolic reprogramming, redox status, cell apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, and calcium balance, leading to an emerging field of study in various cancer types, including TNBC. We herein review the recent insights into the roles and mechanism of mitomiRs in TNBC and highlight its clinical value in diagnosis and prognosis as well as vital advances on therapeutics of preclinical and clinical studies.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women globally, accounting for about a quarter of female cancer [1, 2]
Based on the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), and proliferation marker protein Ki-67, BC can be categorized into four subtypes including luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [4]
We summarized a number of mitomiRs that have been reported to significantly regulate TNBC progression by acting to metabolic reprogramming (Table 1)
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women globally, accounting for about a quarter of female cancer [1, 2]. Approaches aiming at disturbances of cellular metabolism and mitochondrial functions for the treatment of cancer, including BC, have been emerging [15, 16]. Mounting evidence in recent years has noted the translational implication of mitomiRs in metabolic disorder, degenerative diseases, and cancer [22,23,24]. Their functions in modulating multiple aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis permit alterations in cancer metabolism, growth, metastasis, and sensitivity to clinical drugs. We highlight recent insights into the advanced understating of predictive value and therapeutic implication of mitomiRs
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