Abstract
In the field of synthesis and processing of noble metal nanoparticles, the study of the bottom-up method, called Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP), is becoming increasingly important. This review analyses briefly the features of USP, to underline the physical, chemical and technological characteristics for producing nanoparticles and nanoparticle composites with Au and Ag. The main aim is to understand USP parameters, which are responsible for nanoparticle formation. There are two nanoparticle formation mechanisms in USP: Droplet-To-Particle (DTP) and Gas-To-Particle (GTP). This review shows how the USP process is able to produce Au, Ag/TiO2, Au/TiO2, Au/Fe2O3 and Ag/(Y0.95 Eu0.05)2O3 nanoparticles, and presents the mechanisms of formation for a particular type of nanoparticle. Namely, the presented Au and Ag nanoparticles are intended for use in nanomedicine, sensing applications, electrochemical devices and catalysis, in order to benefit from their properties, which cannot be achieved with identical bulk materials. The development of new noble metal nanoparticles with USP is a constant goal in Nanotechnology, with the objective to obtain increasingly predictable final properties of nanoparticles.
Highlights
The processing of aerosols and obtaining various types of fine particles and nanomaterials from aerosols has been known for a long time
This review is focused on Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP), which combines the ultrasound used for dispersing the precursor solution into droplets and chemical decomposition of the dissolved material inside the droplets at elevated temperatures, resulting in the formation of fine powder
As the droplet not be possible to achieve with USP, without modifying the adhesive forces between the Fe oxide evaporates the surface chemistry of the system causes the Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) near the droplet particles andand Aushrinks
Summary
The processing of aerosols (solid or liquid particles suspended in gas) and obtaining various types of fine particles and nanomaterials from aerosols has been known for a long time These materials are meant for diverse uses in different fields, from nanomedicine, sensing applications, electrochemical devices, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, to name a few [1,2,3,4]. Liquid metal is sprayed through a nozzle and cooled rapidly to produce solid small spherical particles of the used metal or alloy [6,7] Most of these techniques require the atomisation of a liquid solution into micron-sized droplets. This review is focused on Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP), which combines the ultrasound used for dispersing the precursor solution into droplets and chemical decomposition of the dissolved material inside the droplets at elevated temperatures, resulting in the formation of fine powder. This overview contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of this process for similar endeavours on the USP technique, and demonstrates the synthesis and characterisation of some characteristic nanoparticles through USP
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