Abstract
Treating wounds under normal wound healing processes often require little or no intervention, consisting primarily of debridement, as during the inflammatory stage the cells clear the wound to healing. However wound care professionals face many challenges in treating acute wounds with impairment on healing such as burn injuries or chronic wounds like diabetic, vascular and pressure ulcers. Wound healing is a complex process of several stages that requires being free of complications. Then the goal of the wound treatment is to prevent or convert the impediments to healing and depends on the characteristics of the wound, like time, depth, extent, appearance of the surface and exudate, and quality of the periwound tissues. There are currently a wide variety of products available for skin wound treatment. The tissue engineered skin substitutes market offers a wide variety of solutions with different type of dressings that comprise skin grafts derived from allogeneic or xenogeneic sources, products of synthetic material, or a combination of these, to in vitro cultured tissue for epidermal and dermal replacement.
Highlights
Skin lesions or so-called skin wounds are leading a public health concern worldwide
Non healing wounds are the major concern because the treats on healthy and economy fields with complications in productivity and emotional aspects
Treating an acute wound on the first intention will reduce by far the complications and the course to a chronic outcome, reducing the problem
Summary
Skin lesions or so-called skin wounds are leading a public health concern worldwide. It is estimated that each year there are more than 234 million surgical incisions performed worldwide while up to 50 million occur only in United States [1,2]. In the United States alone, chronic wounds affect approximately 6.5 million patients and have been estimated to cost between $12 million to more than $25 million per year and $1 billion worldwide [9,10]. Arterial leg ulcers are the second most common of lower-extremity ulcers, estimated to be from 10 to 30% of leg ulcers [7,12,13] These lesions occur secondary to arterial disease over pressure points as a result of reduced arterial blood flow and subsequent tissue perfusion and often affect the toes, heels, malleoli, or shin [7,14]. Persons with restricted mobility and poor health are often vulnerable to develop pressure ulcers, which are estimated to affect 1.3-3 million individuals with an estimated prevalence of 10.1% to 17% among patients in acute care hospitals in the United States and 26% on Canada [21,22,23]. Throughout this review the reader will find information and methods for wound bed preparation and treatment with evidencebased products, intended to help the clinicians to match the right treatment with the situation focusing on synthetic dressings
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