Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis and progresses to non-steatohepatitis (NASH) when the liver displays overt inflammatory damage. Increasing evidence has implicated critical roles for dysbiosis and microbiota-host interactions in NAFLD pathophysiology. In particular, microbiota alter intestine absorption of nutrients and intestine permeability, whose dysregulation enhances the delivery of nutrients, endotoxin, and microbiota metabolites to the liver and exacerbates hepatic fat deposition and inflammation. While how altered composition of gut microbiota attributes to NAFLD remains to be elucidated, microbiota metabolites are shown to be involved in the regulation of hepatocyte fat metabolism and liver inflammatory responses. In addition, intestinal microbes and circadian coordinately adjust metabolic regulation in different stages of life. During aging, altered composition of gut microbiota, along with circadian clock dysregulation, appears to contribute to increased incidence and/or severity of NAFLD.
Highlights
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide
We evaluated the relationships among circadian clock, gut microbiota, and metabolic disease
We summarized the effects of intestinal microbes on regulating metabolism through reprogramming circadian clock
Summary
Xiaofan Jiang 1, Juan Zheng 2,3, Shixiu Zhang 1, Baozhen Wang 1, Chaodong Wu 4* and Xin Guo 1*. Reviewed by: Lixian Chen, Indiana University, United States Huiping Zhou, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States. Specialty section: This article was submitted to Gastroenterology, a section of the journal
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