Abstract
Single-cell analysis is becoming an indispensable tool in modern biological and medical research. Single-cell isolation is the key step for single-cell analysis. Single-cell printing shows several distinct advantages among the single-cell isolation techniques, such as precise deposition, high encapsulation efficiency, and easy recovery. Therefore, recent developments in single-cell printing have attracted extensive attention. We review herein the recently developed bioprinting strategies with single-cell resolution, with a special focus on inkjet-like single-cell printing. First, we discuss the common cell printing strategies and introduce several typical and advanced printing strategies. Then, we introduce several typical applications based on single-cell printing, from single-cell array screening and mass spectrometry-based single-cell analysis to three-dimensional tissue formation. In the last part, we discuss the pros and cons of the single-cell strategies and provide a brief outlook for single-cell printing.
Highlights
With the development gle-cell printing in the past decade, various single-cell printing-based single-cell analyses of single-cell printing in the past decade, various single-cell printing-based single-cell and applications have been performed, ranging from single-cell array-based screening analyses and applications have been performed, ranging from single-cell array-based and single-cell based mass spectroscopy to live three-dimenscreening [89,90,93,107,108,109] and single-cell based mass spectroscopy [110,111,112,113,114,115] to live sional tissue formation three-dimensional tissue[47,48,116]
Singlecell arrays of MCF-7 cells with a DMEM medium and sodium alginate were constructed with this modified inkjet printing system, and the real-time single-cell assays showed high activity and proliferation, low levels of ROS, and cell apoptosis, which demonstrated the capability of this inkjet printing system for single-cell study
Lin and co-workers developed an Mass spectrometry (MS)-based single-cell analysis strategy by integrating the drop-on-demand inkjet printing with the probe electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (Figure 6(a-i)) [113]
Summary
Directly exploring cellular structure and function at the single-cell level is becoming an indispensable tool to further reveal the essential secret of living systems. It is convenient to integrate the highly efficient single-cell printing with other techniques, such as imaging system [40,41], Micromachines 2022, 13, 80. Bioprinting with the single-cell resolution can print 2D single-cell arrays for single-cell analysis and three-dimensional tissue matrixes and organs for tissue engineering, drug discovery, and toxicology [47,48]. In this brief review, we summarize the recently developed bioprinting strategies with single-cell resolution, with a special focus on inkjet-like single-cell printing
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