Abstract
The importance of hydration status as an important influence on athletic performance and health status has received increasing attention from athletes and coaches. This paper presents a detailed review of the factors affecting hydration status and the effects of hydration imbalance on athletic performance and health. Hydration imbalance was found to mainly affect athletes' aerobic endurance, although the mechanism is not clear, while the effect on anaerobic strength is debated; the main health effects of hydration imbalance are hyponatremia, cerebral infarction, body metabolism, cognitive function, immune function,cardiovascular health, gastrointestinal health, oral health, and urinary tract health.
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