Abstract
The increasing burden of respiratory diseases caused by microbial infections poses animmense threat to global health. This review focuses on the various types of biofilms that affect the respiratory system and cause pulmonary infections, specifically bacterial biofilms. The article also sheds light on the current strategies employed for the treatment of such pulmonary infection-causing biofilms. The potential of nanocarriers as an effective treatment modality for pulmonary infections is discussed, along with the challenges faced during treatment and the measures that may be implemented to overcome these. Understanding the primary approaches of treatment against biofilm infection and applications of drug-delivery systems that employ nanoparticle-based approaches in the disruption of biofilms are of utmost interest which may guide scientists to explore the vistas of biofilm research while determining suitable treatment modalities for pulmonary respiratory infections.
Highlights
Multidrug resistance and varied metabolic activity pose as a challenge in biofilm treatment
It is suggested that sensitive antibiotics combined with high-dose antibiotics be employed along with Quorum sensing (QS) treatment to successfully disperse and kill microbes in a biofilm
Lec-B, an essential agent required for biofilm growth, is inhibited by polyvalent fucosyl-peptide dendrimers
Summary
(e.g., thermodynamic stability, ability to reduce toxicity of encapsulated materials and hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic drug solubilizing capacity) make them amenable for controlled release of antimicrobial delivery applications for transdermal, topical, ocular and parenteral administration. Nontoxic, biocompatible delivery vehicles for various therapeutic molecules
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