Abstract
The electric machines are the elements most used at an industry level, and they represent the major power consumption of the productive processes. Particularly speaking, among all electric machines, the motors and their drives play a key role since they literally allow the motion interchange in the industrial processes; it could be said that they are the medullar column for moving the rest of the mechanical parts. Hence, their proper operation must be guaranteed in order to raise, as much as possible, their efficiency, and, as consequence, bring out the economic benefits. This review presents a general overview of the reported works that address the efficiency topic in motors and drives and in the power quality of the electric grid. This study speaks about the relationship existing between the motors and drives that induces electric disturbances into the grid, affecting its power quality, and also how these power disturbances present in the electrical network adversely affect, in turn, the motors and drives. In addition, the reported techniques that tackle the detection, classification, and mitigations of power quality disturbances are discussed. Additionally, several works are reviewed in order to present the panorama that show the evolution and advances in the techniques and tendencies in both senses: motors and drives affecting the power source quality and the power quality disturbances affecting the efficiency of motors and drives. A discussion of trends in techniques and future work about power quality analysis from the motors and drives efficiency viewpoint is provided. Finally, some prompts are made about alternative methods that could help in overcome the gaps until now detected in the reported approaches referring to the detection, classification and mitigation of power disturbances with views toward the improvement of the efficiency of motors and drives.
Highlights
This review presents the discussion of several works in the state of the art referring to the following aspects: the efficiency of electric machines; the power quality; the relationship between the power quality and electric machines affecting the efficiency; the techniques for power quality disturbances detection, classification, and mitigation; and the techniques for PQD analysis in motors and drives
The discussion of the works related to electrical machines and energy efficiency allows to conclude that there exists a mutual relation between motors and drives with the power quality
The efficacy of the Power Quality (PQ) of a power source is reduced by the disturbances induced by electrical equipment connected to the grid, and, once the grid is contaminated with electric disturbances, they reduce the performance of motors and drives
Summary
It is important to conduct an exhaustive review of the reported works in two main aspects; those studies that focus on techniques developed and applied to detect, classify, and mitigate electrical events or power disturbances, and those investigations that attend what has been carried out regarding how poor power quality affect the electric motors and drives and reduces their efficiency. This work presents an overview of the advances in the methodologies applied to the power quality analysis for detecting, identifying and classifying power disturbances that affects the operation of motors and drives, and how the motors and drives generate adverse effects to the grid This relation between the power grid and the industrial machines impacts their own efficiencies and this field is an area of opportunity.
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