Abstract
Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux is a common problem during the 1st year of life and is defined as the retrograde passage of gastroduodenal contents into the esophagus. The most common presentation is a benign course of postprandial vomiting limited to the 1st year of life. However, this refluxate, which can be acidic, basic, or neutral, can cause pathologic changes within the upper aerodigestive tract. Children defined as having gastroesophageal reflux disease may present initially with airway manifestations that include stridor, apnea, apparent life-threatening events, or sudden infant death syndrome. This paper reviews the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology necessary to formulate an effective management plan for this complex problem.
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