Advances in non-coding RNA as a biomarker for obstructive sleep apnoea hypoventilation syndrome.

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnoea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS) is a common sleep disorder that affects multiple body systems, which in turn is closely associated with cognitive dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, oncological cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. In recent years, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has emerged as a new opportunity for biomarker discovery. We therefore discuss the research progress and potential role of ncRNAs in obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome. This review systematically searched relevant academic literaturefrom PubMed, Web of Science and other databases. During the retrieval process, a combination ofkeywords such as "OSAHS", "ncRNA", "lncRNA", "miRAN", "circRNA" was used for search. Circulating ncRNA has good area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis ofOSAHS, and has the potential to become a diagnostic marker for OSAHS, while several circulatingncRNAs or circulating ncRNAs in combination with other tests such as the Obstructive Sleep ApnoeaScreening Scale have a higher value of application as a test for OSAHS.Further analyses revealed thatmany circulating ncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in the serum of OSAHS patients withdifferent very severities, a potential marker for predicting the severity of OSAHS, and that the ncRNAcontent of patients' serum also had a significant effect during CPAP therapy, suggesting that it mayhave potential for therapeutic monitoring. Meanwhile, serum ncRNAs from patients have been shown tobe effective in the diagnosis of OSAHS complications such as hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, acutemyocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. The expression of up- or down-regulated ncRNAs can regulatedifferent signalling pathways, which in turn affects various OSAHS complications such as pulmonaryhypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cognitive dysfunction, and is expected to become a new directionfor the treatment of these complications. The changes in ncRNA expression in OSAHSpatients are expected to be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS, and can alsobe used as a potential biomarker for the combination of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease,respiratory disease, and cognitive dysfunction in OSAHS. It is believed that the continuous progress ofncRNA-related research is expected to promote the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of OSAHSand its complications.