Abstract
Abstract Recently, with the development of lab-on-a-chip researches, the use of microfluidics to precisely control the droplet behaviors in microchannel has received more and more research attention. This article firstly introduces the basic theory and mechanism of the droplets coalescence. Then, it carefully reviews the passive methods of droplets coalescence used in current researches by changing microchannel geometry and adding surfactants. The active methods to trigger droplet fusion such as applied electric field, magnetic fields, temperature gradients, surface acoustic wave and focused lasers are also introduced briefly. We also introduce the fluid dynamics of the droplets coalescence and forecast its progress at last to provide useful guidance for microfluidic devices design and wide use of the drop-based microfluidics.
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