Abstract
The exceptional characteristics and uniqueness of two-dimensional nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxides (Ni-Co LDHs) make them highly desirable material for supercapacitors. A combination of Ni-Co LDHs with carbon-based materials has given stupendous improvement to the performance of supercapacitors in terms of specific energy, specific capacitance, and specific power. Herein, a comprehensive insight into the recent progress of Ni-Co LDHs/carbon composites for supercapacitors is provided to the readers. Beginning with the description on the classification of supercapacitors and detailed explanation on LDHs and carbon materials, in this review, the morphology, properties and electrochemical performances of the Ni-Co LDHs/carbon composites are well-elaborated. The review also discusses the structural identification and important factors that influencing the synthesis of LDHs.
Highlights
Abundant fossil fuels in the earth converted agricultural society to an industrial society, known as the industrial revolution
Methods in designing LDHs/graphene-based composites, and their applications as electrode materials in supercapacitors and as electrochemical or solar energy-driven photocatalytic water oxidation catalysts were addressed in detail
This review focuses on the broad aspect of LDHs and their composites with carbon materials, metals, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal phosphides and polymers and further reviewing their performances for supercapacitors
Summary
Abundant fossil fuels in the earth converted agricultural society to an industrial society, known as the industrial revolution. Supercapacitors are classified into two types, electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors based on their charge storage mechanisms. An EDLC utilizes high-surface-area carbon-based materials as electrodes. The alluring characteristics of electrochemical supercapacitors outperformed the lithiumion batteries in terms of its high specific power (> 10 kW kg−1), fast charging-discharging abilities (within few seconds) and long shelf life (>100,000 cycles) (Liu et al, 2016). It is still competing with lithium-ion batteries to achieve better specific energy. Pore size playing a crucial role for the electrolyte ion accessibilities within the materials utilizing the surface area, and increases the specific capacitance.
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