Abstract
Ion-exchange materials have been used in industrial applications for well over one hundred years. Since the introduction of polymer based ion exchangers more than seventy years ago, the use of these materials has grown and has dominated the commercial market for more than half a century. Inorganic and hybrid inorganic/organic materials continue to garner attention due to their chemical and radiation stability and effectiveness over wide range of conditions. Driving these research efforts is the desire to improve the selectivity and increase the capacity of the ion-exchanger for a particular application. This article presents a review of the literature detailing the syntheses, characterization, and ion-exchange performance of inorganic and hybrid ion-exchange materials.
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