Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent eczema accompanied by an intractable itch that leads to an impaired quality of life. This review aims to summarize the advances in immune pathways and pathogenesis of AD. We review and summarize the current literature characterizing immune pathways and pathogenesis of AD. The complex interplay among skin barrier deficiency, immunological derangement, microbiome dysbiosis especially Staphylococcus aureus predominance, and pruritus contribute to the development, progression, and chronicity of the disease. AD is a complex and multifactorial disease. The skin barrier, dysbiosis of the skin microbiome, immune dysregulation, and severe itch all play a part in the pathogenesis of AD. Based on this progress, better targeted therapies are now emerging.
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