Abstract
A review of recent developments in half-Heusler thermoelectrics for waste heat recovery.
Highlights
The world is currently undergoing a transition from an energy economy based on non-renewable fossil fuels to a system making use of a range of renewable generators including solar panels, wind turbines and hydroelectric plants, supplemented by nuclear energy.[1]
The only commercial TEGs based on Bi2Te3 for example operate well from 300–500 K, but their effectiveness begins to decrease at higher temperatures
Significant progress has been made in the development of HH thermoelectrics with the emergence of new high-performing ptype materials based on XVFeSb and ZrCoBi, and further development of existing n-types based on XIVNiSn
Summary
The world is currently undergoing a transition from an energy economy based on non-renewable fossil fuels to a system making use of a range of renewable generators including solar panels, wind turbines and hydroelectric plants, supplemented by nuclear energy.[1]. This involved developing strategies for alloying and carrier doping and resulted in zT B 1 and zT B 0.7 at 773 K for the n-types and p-types respectively.[14] Grain size reduction through high energy ball milling was established as a route to lower kl but was found to require small average grain sizes 0.2–0.3 mm to be effective.[14,36,37] The other route for optimisation that gained interest in the early 2010s was the use of phase segregation to embed favourable micro- and nanostructures for reduction of kl This focused in particular on segregation of X-site elements (Ti, Zr and Hf)[38,39,40] and excess metals, leading to incorporation of full-Heusler domains.[41,42,43,44,45].
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