Abstract
Creatures in nature possess almost perfect structures and properties, and exhibit harmonization and unification between structure and function. Biomimetics, mimicking nature for engineering solutions, provides a model for the development of functional surfaces with special properties. Recently, honeycomb structure materials have attracted wide attention for both fundamental research and practical applications and have become an increasingly hot research topic. Though progress in the field of breath-figure formation has been reviewed, the advance in the fabrication materials of bio-inspired honeycomb structure films has not been discussed. Here we review the recent progress of honeycomb structure fabrication materials which were prepared by the breath-figure method. The application of breath figures for the generation of all kinds of honeycomb is discussed.
Highlights
Creatures in nature possess almost perfect structures and properties, and exhibit harmonization and unification between structure and function
The aim of the present review is to summarize the advances in the fabrication materials of honeycomb structure films, prepared by the breath-figur re (BF) method
Shimomura et al [47,69,70,71,72,73] demonstrated that amphiphilic polymers can be used as a second component or as additives to induce the formation of honeycomb structures with hydrophobic polymers
Summary
Honeybees use the minimum m beeeswax to build b naturaal honeycom mb which haas a delicatee and perfect h hexagonal g geometrical structure They extended the BF method to all kinds of building units, such as starlike polymers [34], block copolymers [35], amphiphilic polyion complexes [36], organic-inorganic hybrids [37], ligand-stabilized metal nanoparticles (NPs) [38,39], and surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalates [40] They studied the formation mechanisms of the films, and applied these films to various applications, such as separation membranes [41], superhydrophobic materials [42], photonic or optoelectronic devices [43], cell-culturing substrates [44,45], and micropatterning templates [46,47,48]. NPs honeycomb structure films; formation of small organic molecular honeycomb patterned films; others including honeycomb patterned films from DNA, graphene and even living bacteria
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