Advances in colon-targeted drug technologies.

Abstract

Herein, we present an overview of innovative oral technologies utilized in colonic drug delivery systems that have made significant translational and clinical advancements to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in recent years. The colon is home to distinct physiological conditions, such as pH and microbiota, that have been exploited in the development of colonic drug delivery systems for the treatment of local and systemic diseases. However, given the intra and interindividual variability in the gastrointestinal tract of both healthy and diseased states, various systems have shown inconsistencies in targeted drug release to the colon. Recent breakthroughs have led to systems that incorporate multiple independent trigger mechanisms, ensuring drug release even if one mechanism fails due to physiological variability. Such advanced platforms have bolstered the development of oral biologics delivery, an especially promising direction given the lack of commercially available oral antibody medications for IBD. These concepts can be further enhanced by employing 3D printing which enables the personalisation of medicines. Leveraging these novel technologies can accurately deliver therapeutics to the colon, allowing for treatments beyond gastrointestinal tract diseases. To realize the full potential of colonic drug delivery, it is paramount that research focuses on the clinical translatability and scalability of novel concepts.