Advances in clinical reseach on drug hypersensitivity syndrome

Abstract

Drug hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS),also called as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS),is a severe drug-induced adverse reaction with multiple organ involvement.It is usually associated with many complications.DHS-associated hematologic abnormality often manifests as leukocytosis with the presence of atypical lymphocytes and eosinophilia.Liver damage,as the most common organ dysfunction in DHS,is characterized by a marked increase in serum alanine aminotransferase.Abrupt gastrointestinal bleeding sometimes occurs in patients with DHS due to cytomegalovirus-associated ulcer.Renal insufficiency is occasionally seen.Cardiac involvement may manifest as DHS-associated myocarditis.Neurologic complications mainly include encephalitis and meningitis.A series of autoimmune diseases may follow the subsidence of DHS,including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM),thyroid diseases,sclerodermoid lesions,systemic lupus erythematosus,and autoimmune bullous diseases.The treatment of DHS includes immediate systemic corticosteroids,antiviral drugs,cyclophosphamide and symptomatic therapy. Key words: Drug hypersensitivity; Viscera; Therapy