Abstract
Dengzhanxixin (DZXX), the dried whole plant of Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand.-Mazz., belonging to Compositae and first published in Materia Medica of South Yunnan by Lan Mao in the Ming Dynasty (1368 AD–1644 AD), is included in Medicinal Materials and Decoction Pieces of the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China. Its main chemical components are flavonoids that mainly include flavonoid, flavonols, dihydroflavones, flavonol glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, coffee acyl compounds, and other substances, such as volatile oil compounds, coumarins, aromatic acids, pentacyclic terpenoids, phytosterols, and xanthones. Among them, scutellarin and 1,5-dicoffeoylquininic acid are the main active components of DZXX. DZXX has pharmacological effects, such as improving cerebral and cerebrovascular ischemia, increasing blood flow, inhibiting platelet aggregation, promoting antithrombotic formation, improving microcirculation, reducing blood viscosity, protecting optic nerves, exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, scavenging free radicals, and eliciting antioxidant activities. It is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic diseases, kidney diseases, liver diseases, diabetic complications, and glaucoma. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that the active components of DZXX have a low bioavailability and a high elimination rate in vivo. Nevertheless, its utilization can be improved through liposome preparation and combination with other drugs. Acute and subacute toxicity studies have shown that DZXX is a safe medicinal material widely used in clinical settings. However, its target and drug action mechanism are unclear because of the complexity of its composition. In this paper, the clinical application and pharmacological toxicology of DZXX are reviewed to provide a reference for further studying its active components and action mechanism.
Highlights
Dengzhanxixin (DZXX), the dried grass of Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand.-Mazz. belonging to Compositae, is a perennial herb, 5–50 cm tall, with woody rhizomes and thick rhizomes
Yang Nan divided 120 patients with initial ischemic stroke and recurrent ischemic stroke into a control group and a breviscapine injection treatment group. Their results reveal that DZXX injection can effectively reduce plasma C-reactive protein and inhibit its proinflammatory effects, indicating that breviscapine can promote the stability of cerebral atherosclerotic plaques through antiinflammatory activities and improve the prognosis of stroke (Yang, 2009)
Cerebrovascular Diseases In an MCAO (Middle cerebral artery occlusion) rat model, DZHSI can inhibit neuron-specific enolase levels, 4-hydroxy-2nonenal and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and increase the expression levels of nuclear factor red sample 2 related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein. These results suggest that DZHSI may increase the expression of the Nrf2/ HO-1 pathway and play a role in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (Guo et al, 2014)
Summary
Dengzhanxixin (DZXX), the dried grass of Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand.-Mazz. belonging to Compositae, is a perennial herb, 5–50 cm tall, with woody rhizomes and thick rhizomes. According to the first edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China in 2020, the quality standards of scutellarin for flavonoids and 1,3-O-dicaffeoyl quinic acid for total phenolic acids in DZXX injection are established. Activated carbon, refluxed, cerebral infarction and filtered, filtrate concentrated to coronary heart paste to add starch, vacuum disease, angina drying, crushing, sifting, pectoris see the above coating, loading capsule syndrome. Yang Nan divided 120 patients with initial ischemic stroke and recurrent ischemic stroke into a control group and a breviscapine injection treatment group Their results reveal that DZXX injection can effectively reduce plasma C-reactive protein and inhibit its proinflammatory effects, indicating that breviscapine can promote the stability of cerebral atherosclerotic plaques through antiinflammatory activities and improve the prognosis of stroke (Yang, 2009).
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