Abstract
The essential component of conventional periodontal therapy is the effective removal of bacterial deposits from the root surface, along with calculus deposits, in order to create a biologically compatible root surface. Subgingival root debridement currently comprises the systematic treatment of all diseased root surfaces using hand and or ultrasonic instruments, until the root surface feels smooth and clean. However, traditional tactile perception of the subgingival environment without visible access before and after treatment frequently lacks sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and thus may lead to the unwanted removal of cementum.Current advance technologies for calculus identification include detection-only systems (a miniaturized endoscope, a device based on light reflection and a laser that activates the tooth surface to fluoresce) as well as combined calculus-detection and calculus-removal systems. The present paper focuses on the latest advances in calculus detection technologies.
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