Abstract
Sensitivity of the precise measurement based on interaction between light and atoms can be improved by prolonging spin-polarization lifetime of alkali-metal atoms. However, spin-polarized alkali-metal atoms can be completely depolarized by wall relaxation caused by collisions between spin-polarized atoms and bare glass cell walls. Anti-relaxation coatings show great potentials to prevent wall relaxation. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art materials for anti-relaxation coatings, including straight-chain alkanes, alkenes, and organochlorosilanes. Fabrication processes of alkali-metal vapor cells with different anti-relaxation coatings are also thoroughly reviewed, including cleaning, coating, chasing, and ripening. Characterizations of anti-relaxation coatings are highlighted, such as physical parameters of spin-polarized atoms, surface composition, and surface morphology. The research challenges and perspectives on anti-relaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells are also discussed.
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