Advances for the Development of In Vitro Immunosensors for Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Abstract

The diagnosis of diseases based on immunosensors have been objective of research in the last years, providing an improvement for a rapid detection, high sensitivity, precision, accuracy, specificity and resolution. Areas of progress such as analytical technologies, interpretation and standardization has been done for common biomarkers. However, years of research and development of a functional immunosensor with an unusual biomarker require further investigation to be optimized in any aspect. Recent development of biosensors to diagnose nervous system diseases, such as immunosensors for multiple sclerosis, has been the object of study in the past 10 years to improve common in vitro diagnostic methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), showing a big opportunity for further diagnostic optimization. The aim of this review is to show a report on the development of in vitro immunosensors for multiple sclerosis diagnosis until today, with the particular focus on monitoring analyte concentration levels on cerebrospinal fluid and serum as a contribution and improvement to current diagnostic methods.